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Organisms that respire in the absence of oxygen are called anaerobic organisms and use a process called anaerobic respiration. In anaerobic respiration, organisms break down food substances to release a small amount of energy without using oxygen. Instead of oxygen, anaerobic respiration uses electron acceptors like sulfate or lactic acid.
Some examples of anaerobic organisms include:
Yeast: Produces alcohol through anaerobic respiration
Clostridium: An obligate anaerobe that is killed by normal oxygen levels in the atmosphere
Lactobacillus: A facultative anaerobe that can grow in the presence or absence of oxygen
E-Coli: An anaerobic bacterium
Other organisms that use anaerobic respiration include some prokaryotes, such as certain species of bacteria and archaea.
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